生物医学工程系学术报告_6.4上午(报告人:Dr.Chia-Ching (Josh) Wu )

发布时间: 2010-06-01 05:11:00  
 

                  北京大学工学院

       生物医学工程系学术报告                              

 
 
报告一题目:Cellular biomechanical researches in Taiwan
 
报告二题目:Mechanical microenvironment for stem cell differentiation
 
报告人  Dr.  Chia-Ching (Josh) Wu
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy,
National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
 
报告一内容摘要
The human body is continuously exposed to different types of external forces, such as the stretch of skeletal muscles, the compression of bone and cartilage, and the shear stress acting on blood vessels. Biomechanical research in the past two decades has focused on the large length scale, such as joint movement, torque, or force during level walking or exercise. The scales for measuring the kinematic and kinetic parameters of body segments or joints are different from those for tissues and cells. Nano- or micro-technology involves the science and engineering in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of materials or devices whose smallest functional organization is on the nano- or micro-meter scale in at least one dimension. At this scale, it is important to consider individual molecules and interacting groups of molecules in relation to the bulk macroscopic properties of the material or device, and knowledge on the fundamental molecular structure allows the understanding of the macroscopic physico-chemical properties. In recent years, there have been efforts to advance therapeutic strategies in functional tissue engineering by improving the biomechanical properties of regenerated tissue. Based on an understanding of tissue formation and regeneration, tissue engineering aims to induce new functional tissues rather than simply implanting new spare parts both in Taiwan. With advances in knowledge in biology and engineering, tissue engineering has progressed to investigating living systems at the cellular and even molecular levels.
 
报告二内容摘要
Both intracellular signal and microenvironmental cues are essential for stem cell differentiation. There are several types of external forces that are used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of cellular responses. Alterations of force balance at the cellular level can influence intracellular biochemistry and gene expression in the nucleus and cause cell remodeling. In cellular and tissue biomechanics, emphasis the roles of extracellular matrix and external forces are focused for discover the mechanism of cell and tissue remodeling. In this rapidly developing interdisciplinary field, molecular biology, biochemistry, material science, biomedical engineering, and clinical medicine are integrated for the understanding of intracellular signal transduction, gene regulation, tissue remodeling, and functional restoration or regeneration of injured or degenerated tissues and organs. Analysis of the responses to different types of externally applied force over a range of magnitude scales has helped to elucidate how cells sense external forces and respond to microenvironments from single cell to tissue level, from micro to marco scale, and from two-dimension (2D) to three-dimension (3D). There several study demonstrated the external force of physiological microenvironment can facilitated the stem cell differentiate into the desire tissue. Furthermore, these mechanical-force induced cell or tissue have higher functional characteristic to restore the impairment.
 
 
 
主持人:葛子钢 特聘研究员
时间:6月4日(周五)上午9:00
地点:力学楼434会议室
 
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